Posts Tagged ‘technology’

Turning Air into Water

Tuesday, December 2nd, 2008

40 percent of the world is dealing with a water shortage. This means that over 2 billion people have to survive in barren and often unsanitary conditions, while everything crumbles around them. Nothing can survive without water. Plants dry up, cattle starve to death, and people succumb to the ailments associated with drinking unsanitary water.

The irony is that water exists all around us. Water droplets shining on leaves in the morning seem to appear out of thin air. This is where companies like EWA Technologies and Air2Water will collect water.

EWA gives a rough estimate of how much water there actually is in our atmosphere: “Air humidity, an unlimited renewable natural resource, is available to all mankind, except in few extreme climatic regions where the temperature is bellow 4oC or extreme arid zone. One cubic kilometer of air contains 10 to 40 tones of life-giving water. Nature continually recharges the atmosphere with humidity by evaporation from the world’s oceans, seas and fresh water bodies.”

Both companies use similar technologies. Air is pulled into a machine where it is condensed into water after passing through a filtration system that removes airborne particles and bacteria. Air2Water also applies UV light to the collected water to ensure that consumers won’t sip up any bacteria or viruses as well.

More than one billion people currently
lack adequate or sufficient drinking water.
(Photo: EWA Technologies Group)

EWA prides itself on using as little energy as possible in the process. By using both residual water and solar heat to power their products, the price of producing water comes to about 5 US cents per cubic meter!

EWA is focused on providing the liquid to nations hit the hardest because of economic hardships and location; like rural villages nowhere near a river and without pipelines.

EWA uses a desiccant material to attract moisture. (Silica Gel and Rice (often found in salt shakers) are examples of desiccant materials that absorb moisture from the air.) The water is then collected through processes involving wind drying, heating and vacuum. EWA has a variety of models, all using the same technology, ranging from devices that produce a few liters to larger machines that pour out a whopping 1000 liters on a daily basis. Combining a few of the larger machines could fill up a swimming pool in no time!

Water has been a topic of debate for decades. WaterAsia is hosting their 9th international conference and exhibition this month, which focuses entirely on the water industry. Companies like EWA and Air2Water are sure to make an appearance alongside representatives of breweries, power stations, oil refineries, fiber plants and countless other companies that depend on water to function. It seems like everyone could benefit from a little more water at their disposal.

Carlisle-Energy Saving Skin for Roofs

Wednesday, October 8th, 2008

Cities are hot: Filled with skyscrapers, traffic and hot pavement, heat simmers between buildings causing the “heat island effect”. Stagnant heat is trapped in the narrow city gaps and air conditioners cooling the inside of buildings spill even more heat out the walls. Trees offering natural cooling and shade are minimal and soil that helps water evaporation (thereby cooling the area) is non existent. Replacing the trees and soil are dark streets that store heat and reach temperatures up to 70F (21C) hotter than lighter surfaces. Stifling heat is depressing (unless you’re at the beach), and the added smog and clouds that form because of it, don’t help matters either.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) states that “for millions of Americans living in and around cities, heat islands are of growing concern. This phenomenon describes urban and suburban temperatures that are 2 to 10°F (1 to 6°C) hotter than nearby rural areas. Elevated temperatures can impact communities by increasing peak energy demand, air conditioning costs, air pollution levels, and heat-related illness and mortality.”

Sure White Fully Adhered EDPM
(Photo: Carlisle SynTec)

Carlisle Syntec Incorported, one of the biggest single-ply membrane roofing companies, provides a product that helps cut down on the ‘heat island’ issue. If, however, energy costs need to be cut back because of heat escaping in winter climates, they have solutions for that too.

Carlisle has developed membranes for over 40 years and their popularity has increased substantially in that time: Demand exploded as early as the 1970s, during the Arab Oil Embargo when Asphalt became scarce. In the 1980’s Carlisle stretchable roofing technology accounted for 40% of the non-residential roofing market. Now, as continued in their company timeline, “Carlisle reaches out domestically from 21 manufacturing locations, 80 manufacturer and representative offices and eight regional sales offices to serve the non-residential single-ply roofing marketplace.”

Their roofing materials are developed for a variety of needs. Their thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO), is a white reflective material that, after easily being rolled over and attached to rooftops, cuts down on buildings’ cooling costs and energy usage. Logically, the reflecting material also helps cut back on the heat island effect. Cool roof products are becoming increasingly popular: in the past three years, for example, Carlisle has rolled out more than 400,000 square feet of TPO.

Carlisle specializes in a variety of roofing needs: For cooler climates, where it isn’t necessarily beneficial to reflect heat, darker heat absorbing membranes are used on rooftops. The company also designs unique skylights and a variety of roof gardens.

With the ease of application, the environmental benefit and the aesthetic appeal of these roofing systems, it won’t be a surprise if bland dark roofs are soon a thing of the past.

 

Innovalight-Absorbing Light with Liquid Silicon

Wednesday, May 14th, 2008

Innovalight is getting a lot of attention: Time Magazine, The Economist, and Red Herring have all profiled this Santa Clara based company, while the department of energy has awarded them a fortune to assist with Innovalight’s unique solar panel development process.

Numerous photovoltaic companies have been covered by EcoWorld and solar power has raised the eyebrows of many: It is a great concept and is environmentally friendly, but can have incredibly expensive start up costs. Innovalight takes all this into consideration and has plans to market a new version of the solar panel concept: a nanocrystal solvent made from silicon. These silicon nanoparticles (also called quantum-dots) are extremely efficient; capable of absorbing various forms of light-infrared, ultraviolet and light from the visible spectrum - and able to produce multiple electrons from a single photon of light!

Silicon is the second most common element on the planet and is used in most solar panel products in today’s market.  Unfortunately, with suppliers constantly raising the price of silicon due to soaring demand, the less material used, the better.

The unique technology developed by Innovalight uses a silicon powder that has been converted to an ink rather than a solid. The silicon is suspended in a fluid which, in turn, can be printed directly onto polymer sheets to product flexible solar panels. This method is efficient and requires less silicon, which helps cut down on production costs. Plans for the future involve printing this versatile ink onto other products, such as glass or batteries.

Conrad Burke, President and CEO, is more than qualified to guide Innovalight towards a successful future with almost 20 years of experience preparing semiconducter and optical technologies for the market with such companies as Bookham Inc. and OMM Inc-while also being the first executive hire of the latter (a MEMS based optical switching systems company).

As stated on their website, Innovalight “is harnessing a proprietary silicon-ink process, developed by the company to print thin-film solar power modules. Leveraging the advantages of solvent-based processing, Innovalight will help accelerate the promise of more affordable solar power solutions for residential and commercial applications.”

Innovalight plans to market their product in 2009.

ESS Software Helps Corporations Go Green

Friday, January 11th, 2008

Most people are horrified when they see a Hummer roll down the highway. Throwing garbage out of your car window will lead to an incredibly heavy fine. Even toys are designed with the lesson of recycling in mind such as with this octosquid. Almost everyone organizes their trash. Attitudes are definitely changing when it comes to the environment.

Climate change caused by environmental pollutants is no longer a theory, but a reality. Companies are going to extremes to reduce the amount of pollutants released during production. Not only because of changes in perspective, but also due to the more stringent laws that only allow for a minimal amount of pollutants. Keeping track of all the waste is a complicated task, but software does exist to manage all the numbers. Companies that specialize in environmental monitoring software such as ESS are taking off.

Alvin Hayes, communications manager at ESS, could not be happier with the tremendous growth at the company: “For years, environmental health, safety and crisis management has been regarded as a niche industry,” Hayes begins, “customers that were really dedicated to environmental concerns were investing in our software but its popularity was fairly modest. Over the last 2.5 years the interest has grown tremendously.”

ESS was founded 15 years ago in Tempe, Arizona where it began as a small company focusing solely on the measurement of refrigerant emissions. Hayes explains the evolution of ESS: “Five years ago, our company decided to expand and change the business model to include additional measuring and monitoring capabilities. The company acquired three other organizations and created a suite that allows companies to measure and monitor across an enterprise and do it in an efficient manner.” Now, ESS can barely keep up with demand for their software.

Air, water, waste, fugitive emissions, and chemical inventory are just a few of the categories that companies can organize with the system. Companies use the data they already have while the ESS software analyses and organizes this information. “A lot of the hardware that companies have create the original data,” explains Hayes, “that data moves from operational systems into our system where its measured and managed. Then you can track exactly for, say, emissions compliance. You can also track exactly where you are at any given time since the data is provided and reported in real time. You can take a snapshot and see where you are at any level in the company such as the plant level or across the entire enterprise.”

Many companies are going green. This is obvious with the sudden popularity of the software. With ESS software being used in Australia, China and Europe, ESS was right to think that this technology would become a success: “With so much concern about the effects of green house gases on global climate change, companies are taking the initiative to try and reduce their environmental footprint,” says Hayes, “Some companies are doing it as a matter of corporate responsibility, but others are doing it because they understand they are going to be changes whether it’s a cap and trade or other regulatory change.”

When asked how simple the software was Hayes was enthusiastic. “It is very easy to use,” he says, “Customers always remark at how quickly they get up and going. It is really intuitive and gives the user a really easy opportunity to get to the data they are looking for. You don’t need a whole lot of clicks to get to where you are going. [The software also takes into account that many industries are based abroad where different environmental compliance issues exist.] There are so many companies that operate in several jurisdictions and our software has capabilities of loading data in one language while being uploaded in another.” Environmental concerns are definitely shared world wide. Thankfully, becoming green is becoming easier every day with all the options provided by new technologies and software like that at ESS.

Coaltek - Clean Coal?

Monday, January 7th, 2008

The last thing you would associate with coal is cleanliness: After all, this black sedimentary rock has been covered by dirt for hundreds of millions of years. Made up of a whole mess of carbons, nitrates, sulphur and other impurities, coal is all that is left of the plants that grew in a time before any human civilizations existed. It has an interesting history, but coal has never been described as ‘clean’ until now.

Energy Future Coalition agrees that there is a bright future for the coal industry with technologies in development that eliminate the environmental hazards associated with the fossil fuel: “Coal is a low-cost, domestically abundant fuel that is used for 56% of the electricity generated by U.S. power plants. Its high carbon content, however, is a contributor to the build-up of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. With the right technology, it’s possible to capture those emissions and literally bury them - pump them into the same airtight formations that once held oil and gas underground for millions of years. Widespread use of this process would make the abundant coal resources in the U.S. (as well as China, India and Australia, among others) a low-carbon option.”

The history of using coal as a fuel dates back to as far as 1oo AD. Of course the 1700s is when it really took off to start the industrial revolution. For a brief history of coal and a more detailed description of its molecular components visit http://www.fossil.energy.gov/education/energylessons/coal/coal_history.html

Problems associated with burning coal include acid rain, sulfur dioxide and CO2 emissions. Even though the science of burning coal isn’t perfect, it is unrealistic to eliminate coal energy all-together since demand for energy is higher than it has ever been and coal is the largest source of electricity in the world. Not only that, but coal is affordable and a reliable source of energy right now. In fact, we’re told that the known supply of coal will last 200-300 more years.

One of the trend setters in turning the world’s most abundant energy source into a “clean coal” is Coaltek, headquartered in Tucker, Georgia. The process of making coal more eco-friendly by electrically separating its components was developed by Coaltek co-founder, Dr. Jerry Weinberg, and chief geologist Neil Ginther. Their technology, briefly described in their website, www.coaltek.com, involves “electromagnetic energy to reduce the moisture, ash, sulfur and mercury in coal and to make it burn more efficiently and cleanly. Coal processed with [this] technology is a stable, high-quality end product that allows power generators to optimize efficiency and increase yields.”

The benefits of transforming coal’s structure are not limited to reducing the negative effect it has on the environment; coal can be ‘designed’ to work with very specific boilers thereby improving a specific company’s efficiency.

It seems that in the future we won’t have to feel so dirty about using coal.

Honk If You Love Traffic

Saturday, December 22nd, 2007

Most people hate nothing more than being stuck in traffic. Migraines aren’t popular either, but since many head aches are traffic induced, there doesn’t seem to be anything worse in a daily commuter’s life.

The main cause for traffic is obvious with the average household owning 2-3 cars. Distance traveled to work has doubled over the years and with millions of cars on the road during rush hour, congestion is inevitable.

The Department of Transportation indicates that “over the last 20 years or so, nearly twice as many miles are driven today on a road system that has increased in size by only 5 percent. Such heavy demand, coupled with temporary reductions in capacity resulting from causes such as crashes and work zones, are making traveling increasingly costly and frustrating.”

So what is the solution? 3/4 of traffic accidents are caused by driver error. Same thing goes for congestion. With this in mind, ‘smart-cars’ and vehicle-to-vehicle communication seem like the next step: Honda has already developed a system where the car is nudged automatically once in a while to stay in the center of the lane. Cameras tell you how close you are to a curb or car behind you.  Even though technical advancements in this field are constantly made, cars that chauffer their owners around through smooth flowing traffic are not going to exist for a while.

With the constant rise in gas prices and environmental awareness, hybrid vehicles and no-pollution cars are attractive options. But this still does not help the traffic issue.

The main solution right now seems to be the carpool. In attempts to organize carpools at work I am often met with raised eyebrows. I hate traffic so much that I gave my 2 weeks notice right after enduring my first 3 hour commute at a job. Unfortunately, carpooling has not proven popular enough to seriously reduce traffic on the roads.  In a blog published by the ‘Daily Kos’, a computer organized carpooling program is described in detail: http://www.dailykos.com/story/2006/4/22/225134/764

Not only does carpooling save all participants money, but it reduces traffic and pollution. Companies benefit as well by reducing the number of parking spaces needed. In fact, many carpoolers receive rewards from their company or county for carpooling.

The U.S Department of Transportation states that then an average 40-hour work week per year is spent in congestion! This accounts for a tremendous amount of stress, wasted gas and environmental pollution, not to mention wasted time.

BrightSource Solar Power-Keep the Light On

Wednesday, December 19th, 2007

The sun supports almost all life on earth. Plants have harnessed the sun’s rays for millions of years. Reptiles need to ‘charge up’ in the sun before they have enough energy to do anything. It is about time we really started taking more advantage of the sun ourselves.

Bright Source’s “Power Tower” pilot plant.
(Photo: Bright Source Energy)

Solar technology has come a long way since 1830 when British Astronomer, John Frederick William Herschel, designed a solar thermal box to heat his food in the African wilderness.

Arnold Goldman, founder and chairman of Bright Source Energy, Inc. (also the founder of Luz International) was one of the first to prove that solar power has the potential to power huge areas affordably. With the Luz International team, Goldman built nine Solar Electricity Generating Stations (SEGS) in the California desert which still deliver to the grid over 300 megawatts of electricity during full sun. These stations are designed to convert sunlight into heat. This sounds logical enough; Solar fields made of reflecting mirrors bounce sunlight to a power tower filled with oil.  The hot oil travels to the generator, where the heat causes the water to turn into steam. This hot air is then used to drive a turbine to produce electricity. BrightSource calls this technology Distributed Power Tower, or DPT.

As the technology continues to advance, the potential of these Distributed Power Towers is immense. Even in the past 20 years the DPT technology has evolved to where the new plants heat the steam to a temperature of 550 degrees Celsius, as opposed to the older versions which only heat up to 375 degrees.

Weather isn’t always perfect and many wonder if these generators are a good idea in areas outside of the sunny California desert. Fortunately, distributed power towers have backup units that allow us all to continue watching TV or doing our laundry at night and on those sunless cloudy days.  In fact, one of the leaders in solar technology use is Germany. This is definitely not a country known for its sunny beaches or hot weather.

BrightSource explains: “Unlike the photovoltaic systems typically installed on rooftops, CSP plants produce their electricity by first producing steam then using that steam to generate electricity.  Thus, CSP plants can be fitted with gas-fired boilers to produce steam when the sun is not shining, enabling the plants to produce electricity at any time.  This provides valuable back-up generation capacity to utility companies for use when wind power is not available, or demand is unusually high. Another method is to install thermal storage to store heat during the daylight hours and release that heat during the night to make electricity.  At this time, such storage systems are not economical, but it is anticipated that the cost will come down and make the use of solar power viable around-the-clock.”

Solar Power seems like an obvious choice in the future, especially with the unfavorable fluctuations in fossil-fuel prices. Since CSP plants don’t use fuel, the energy costs associated with this technology remain relatively constant.

Another convincing fact is that the new 400 megawatt Solar Power Complex being built by BrightSource in California’s Mojave Desert will power 250,000 homes and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by over 500,000 tons per year! Imagine what the next plant will accomplish.

You won’t have to worry so much about accidentally leaving the lights on.

If you want to read up on more facts visit www.brightsourceenergy.com